The rice factory seedling cultivation technology is a large-scale seedling cultivation method based on precision and semi precision sowing technology, using mechanized production lines for sowing and centralized cultivation in greenhouses or fields. It is an emerging agricultural cost saving and efficiency increasing technology. The Unit cost is reduced by more than 20%, and the seedling rate is more than 90%. It has the advantages of high technological content, large production scale, low cost of seedling cultivation, good quality, and labor saving. The price of rice factory grown seedlings is about 30 yuan/mu (not suitable for seeds), which is highly welcomed by farmers.
1、 Selection of sowing production line. At present, the most mature production line in China is the 2BL-280A rice seedling tray sowing assembly line jointly developed by Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Promotion Station and Jiangsu Yunma Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. This seedling sowing assembly line uses a patented spiral seed metering device, which can adapt to the seedling sowing of all water rice varieties. High sowing accuracy, low hole rate, and uniformity of over 90%. The upper and lower soil, sowing, covering soil, and spraying water are completed in one operation, with a shift yield of 5000-6000 trays. Mechanized transplanting requires about 25 standard seedlings per acre of rice field, and the machine price is about 20000 yuan. At present, there are also supporting production of automatic hanging machines, automatic closing machines, soil crushers, soil loading machines, awning machines, dehydration machines, and power conveyor lines for factory seedling cultivation, greatly reducing labor costs and meeting all the needs of factory seedling cultivation.
2、 The selection of rice paddies. Centralized seedling cultivation can be carried out in greenhouses, fields, or dry fields. When raising seedlings in the field, it is necessary to choose a flat, fertile, easy to drain and irrigate, and windward and sunny sandy field to facilitate the growth of seedlings and the lifting of seedlings during transplantation. The rice paddies should be well furrowed and fenced, and the area of the rice paddies should be drained. The rice paddies can only be placed after the skin is dried tightly. The seedbed for dry seedling cultivation should be windward and sunny, fertile and loose. Flat plots, dry fields, and twilight fields should be plowed and finely leveled, and then decomposed farmhouse manure should be applied to flatten and remove the slurry. Then, a layer of thin mud should be laid and smoothed before laying the pan. 7-8 square meters of seedbed per mu.
3、 Seed processing. Select excellent rice seeds, soak and disinfect them after cleaning, and then induce germination at 36-38 ℃ for 12-15 hours, with a bud length of about 0.5mm (similar to ant eggs). After the rice seeds that have been germinated are dried, they can be sown on the sowing production line (the air suction seeder must first remove the rice seeds).
4、 Nutrient soil preparation.
1. Take sticky ripe soil and add 5 kilograms of ripe manure per acre, or a small amount of manure water and 0.5 kilograms of superphosphate, and mix well. Disinfect 6-8 grams of Diclofenac pine per acre with water and stack for one month. If the pH value is greater than 7 or alkaline, acid adjustment treatment (adding 70-100 grams of fine sulfur powder to reduce the pH value) is required. Then, after air drying, crushing, and screening, machine sowing can be carried out on the sowing production line. Nutritional moisture content must be less than 3%.
2. You can also use sticky mature soil, which is air dried, powdered, and sieved. After adding 2 kilograms of seedling strengthening agent to every 100 kilograms of nutrient soil, it can be directly machine sown on the planting production line, with a soil consumption of 40-50 kilograms per acre.
